استكشف المجموعة الواسعة من العناوين المتاحة.

The sixteenth century Ottoman architect Sinan is today universally recognized as the defining figure in the development of the classical Ottoman style. In addition to his vast oeuvre, he left five remarkable autobiographical accounts, the so-called \"Adsiz Risale\", the \"Risaletu'l-Mi'mariyye\", \"Tuhfetu'l-Mi'marin\", \"Tezkiretu'l-Mi'mariyye\" and \"Tezkiretu'l-Bunyan\" that provide details of his life and works. Based on information dictated by Sinan to his poet friend Mustafa Sa'i Celebi shortly before his death, they exist in multiple manuscript versions in libraries in Istanbul, Ankara, and Cairo. The present volume contains critical editions of all five texts, along with transcriptions, annotated translations, facsimiles of the most important variant versions, and an introductory essay that analyzes the various surviving manuscripts, reconstructs their histories, and establishes the relationships between them.

Pain acceptance is the process of giving up the struggle with pain and learning to live a worthwhile life despite it. In assessing patients with chronic pain in Turkey, making a diagnosis and tracking the effectiveness of treatment is done with scales that have been translated into Turkish. However, there is as yet no valid and reliable scale in Turkish to assess the acceptance of pain. To validate a Turkish version of the Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire developed by McCracken and colleagues. Methodological and cross sectional study. A simple randomized sampling method was used in selecting the study sample. The sample was composed of 201 patients, more than 10 times the number of items examined for validity and reliability in the study, which totaled 20. A patient identification form, the Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire, and the Brief Pain Inventory were used to collect data. Data were collected by face-to-face interviews. In the validity testing, the content validity index was used to evaluate linguistic equivalence, content validity, construct validity, and expert views. In reliability testing of the scale, Cronbach’s α coefficient was calculated, and item analysis and split-test reliability methods were used. Principal component analysis and varimax rotation were used in factor analysis and to examine factor structure for construct concept validity. The item analysis established that the scale, all items, and item-total correlations were satisfactory. The mean total score of the scale was 21.78. The internal consistency coefficient was 0.94, and the correlation between the two halves of the scale was 0.89. The Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire, which is intended to be used in Turkey upon confirmation of its validity and reliability, is an evaluation instrument with sufficient validity and reliability, and it can be reliably used to examine patients’ acceptance of chronic pain.

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of scenario-based learning (SBL) compared to traditional demonstration method on the development of patient safety behavior in first year nursing students. During the 2016–2017 academic year, the Fundamentals of Nursing course curriculum contained the teaching of demonstration method (n=168). In the academic year 2017–2018 was performed with SBL method in the same context (n=183). Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) that assesses the same three skills was implemented in both academic terms to provide standardization so that students could evaluated in terms of patient safety competency. It was found that students’ performance of some of the steps assessed were not consistently between the demonstration and SBL methods across the three skills. There was a statistically significant difference between demonstration method and SBL method for students’ performing the skill steps related to patient safety in intramuscular injection (p<0.05) Our results suggest that the integration of SBL into the nursing skills training may be used as a method of teaching in order to the development of patient safety skills.

Abstract Introduction: It is a known fact that teachers' knowledge and use of effective classroom management (CM) strategies has a positive impact on their professional achievement and their students' learning outcomes. With effective CM strategies, teachers can improve students' success, level of participation in activities, and positive peer relationships, also reduce problem behaviors that are off-task, destructive, and disturb the teacher and other students in the classroom (Gaias et al., 2019). Classroom Management and Inclusive Education Inclusive education practices, which are shortly defined as enabling schools to serve all children, especially those with special education needs (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization [UNESCO], 1994), are becoming increasingly widespread throughout the world (Emmer & Stough, 2001). (2018) examined the relationship between teachers' rates of applying CM skills in classrooms and their students' learning outcomes by observing 1.242 teacher-student pair samples from 65 primary schools in various school districts.

Objective: This study was carried out systematically in order to determine the effect of central venous catheter care on central venous catheter-related infection. Materials and Methods: In this systematic review, researches that could be accessed from Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, ProQuest, Cochrane Library, ULAKBIM, EBSCOhost and Google Scholar databases and that were conducted between January 1, 2007 and December 15, 2017 were evaluated. For searching, the terms “care”, “central venous catheter”, “infection”, “catheter related infection”, “catheterization”, “nursing care” in Turkish and English were used. In this context, national and international studies that were in line with the inclusion criteria were reviewed and 40 publications were included in the study. Results: Of the articles included in this systematic review, 11 were prospective, eight were randomized controlled, five were retrospective, three were observational, three were descriptive, three were semi-experimental, two were prospective, randomized controlled experimental, two were prospective and the remaining studies were prospective-observational-interventional-intermittent time series, methodological, cross-sectional, single-group, pretest-posttest, semi-experimental and retrospective-quasi-experimental. According to the research results, it has been determined that a) 2%, 4% chlorhexidine, povidone iodine and octenidine hydrochloride are used in skin antisepsis, b) care packages are used in catheter placement and care, c) chlorhexidine gluconate-impregnated sponge wrap, polyurethane transparent film cover, gauze and microporous tapes are used in central venous catheter dressing, and d) chlorhexidine is used in patient bath. Conclusion: As a result of this systematic review, it has been concluded that the use of chlorhexidine solution in skin antisepsis and patient baths, and the use of chlorhexidine-impregnated sponge dressings and the closure of the catheter area with transparent film covers reduce the incidence of catheterrelated infections. In addition, the use of central venous catheter care packages created by various disciplines is considered to be one of the effective nursing care practices and may be useful in the prevention of catheter related infection.

Pulse oximeters utilise the pulsatile nature of arterial blood flow to distinguish it from venous flow and estimate oxygen saturation in arterial blood. Pulse oximetry is primarily used in hospital wards, emergency rooms, intensive care units, operating rooms and home care. The objective of this study is to determine whether the use of nail polish of various colours have an effect on oximeter readings of oxygen saturation value. The sample group of this study is comprised of 40 healthy women. In the first phase of the study, readings were taken on left and right hand fingers, with no nail polish, to determine any differences in oxygen saturation value. In the second phase of the study, 10 different colours of nail polish, namely dark red, yellow, dark blue, green, purple, brown, white, metallic, black and pink, of the same brand were applied. Readings were recorded once oxygen saturation values on the screen became stable. Number and percentage distributions along with Wilcoxon signed ranks and Friedman test were used in the analysis of data. Only red nail polish did not yield statistically significant reading results. We conclude that different nail polish colours cause a clinically significant change in pulse oximeter readings in healthy volunteers.

Objective: The purpose of this work was to review the current literature evaluating the efficacy of clinical protocols and preservation methods in preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), and to examine the data obtained from the studies systematically. Materials and Methods: Articles reached by scanning national and international databases including “Google Scholar”, “Pubmed”, “Science Direct”, “Proquest”, “Cochrane”,” EBSCOhost”, “Clinical Key”, “Ovid”, “Web of Science”, “Google Akademik” between 2012-2017 were included in this review. In this review, articles with publication language Turkish or English, which evaluated the effects of (VAP) preventing protocols and applications on the results, whichwere published in last five years and of which full text was available were collected by using keywords; “VAP prevention”, “Prevention of VAP”, “Prevent VAP”, “VAP prevention”, “Prevent VAP”, and “Prevention of VAP”. A total of 48 studies which met the inclusion criteria constituted the sample of the study. Results: Randomized controlled; prospective, randomized controlled; semi-experimental; pilot, randomized controlled, prospective, cluster randomized controlled, open label; monocentric observational; double blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, double blind, prospective, randomized controlled; single-center,two-arm, randomized controlled, open label; prospective, double blind, randomized controlled;randomized controlled, experimental; pilot, randomized, placebo controlled-double blind, observational; prospective, observational; pretest-posttest; retrospective cohort/prospective cohort; prospective,randomized, placebo controlled,pilot; retrospective cohort; and retrospective type of studies presented in the articles were included in this review. In this systematic review, clinical protocols and preventive measures used in the prevention of VAP including oral administration of “chlorhexidine”, “hydrogen peroxide”, “OralBalance”, the use of “OroCare Aspire / Sensitive sticks” for oral care; preference for endotracheal tubes with subglottic drainage, application of abdominal massage, semi recumbent or trendelenburg position of the patient, probiotic preparations, hypertonic sodium chloride, hydrocortisone and antibiotics have been found to be effective. Conclusion: As a result of this systematic review, clinical protocols and preventive measures used in 18 studies to prevent VAP did not affect the results of VAP, whereas those used in 30 studies affected the results of VAP, positively